Knee osteoarthritis is a common joint problem that affects many adults. This condition causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee. Because it can limit movement, it often makes daily activities harder. In this blog, you will learn about knee osteoarthritis, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. You will also find helpful tips for relief and prevention.
What is Knee Osteoarthritis?
Knee osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that affects the knee joint. Over time, the cartilage in the knee wears down. Cartilage is a smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones. When it breaks down, bones rub against each other. As a result, this causes pain and swelling. According to the CDC, knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common forms of arthritis in adults.
Common Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis
Many people notice symptoms slowly. However, these signs can get worse over time. If you have knee osteoarthritis, you may experience:
Pain in the knee, especially after activity
Stiffness, often in the morning or after sitting
Swelling around the knee joint
Clicking or popping sounds when moving the knee
Reduced range of motion
Weakness or feeling that the knee may give way
Sometimes, symptoms can come and go. But over time, they may become more constant.
Causes and Risk Factors
Knee osteoarthritis happens when the cartilage in the knee wears down. Several factors can increase your risk. For example, you may be more likely to develop knee osteoarthritis if you have:
Older age (risk increases as you get older)
Previous knee injury or surgery
Being overweight or obese
Family history of osteoarthritis
Jobs or sports that put stress on the knees
Weak muscles around the knee
In addition, women are slightly more likely to develop knee osteoarthritis than men. According to the WHO, maintaining a healthy weight can help lower your risk.
How is Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?
Doctors use several steps to diagnose knee osteoarthritis. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they will examine your knee for swelling, tenderness, and movement. Sometimes, your doctor may order tests, such as:
X-rays: These images show changes in the bones and joint space.
MRI scans: These can show damage to cartilage and soft tissues.
Blood tests: These help rule out other causes of knee pain.
Early diagnosis is important. That way, you can start treatment and slow the disease.
Treatment Options for Knee Osteoarthritis
There are many ways to manage knee osteoarthritis. Your doctor will suggest a plan based on your needs. Common treatments include:
Exercise: Gentle activities like walking or swimming can help keep your knee strong.
Physical therapy: Therapists teach exercises to improve strength and movement.
Medications: Pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs, can reduce pain and swelling.
Weight loss: Losing extra weight can ease pressure on your knees.
Support devices: Braces or shoe inserts may help support the knee.
Injections: Doctors may inject medicine into the knee for relief.
Surgery: In severe cases, knee replacement surgery may be needed.
Always talk to your doctor before starting any new treatment for knee pain.
Lifestyle Tips and Prevention
While you cannot always prevent knee osteoarthritis, you can lower your risk. Here are some helpful tips:
Stay active with low-impact exercises
Maintain a healthy weight
Use proper techniques when lifting or moving
Wear supportive shoes
Stretch before and after activity
Avoid activities that strain your knees
With these steps, you can help protect your knees and manage symptoms better.
When to See a Doctor
Sometimes, knee pain goes away with rest. However, you should see a doctor if:
Pain lasts more than a few days
Your knee is swollen or red
You cannot move your knee well
Your knee feels weak or gives way
Early care can help you find relief and prevent more damage.
If you have knee osteoarthritis or knee pain, consult an orthopedic specialist for personalized advice on knee osteoarthritis.